Flow Chart Maps

Timelines: Flow Chart Maps

Use visual brainstorming to develop and organize your ideas.

In 1765, Joseph Priestly created the now commonplace timeline. Priestly's timeline depicted the lifespan of 2000 inventors whom he considered the "most distinguished in the annals of fame."

In technical documents as well as magazine articles, timeline flow charts are exceedingly popular. Readers love chronological timelines, which graphically chart the emergence of an idea or concept. For example, you could draw a timeline of writing technologies or a timeline for the use of visuals inside texts.

Typically, timelines move from left to right or from top to bottom to denote the passage of time, as illustrated below.

When Are Timeline/Flow Chart Maps Useful?

Because they highlight the passage of time, timelines and flowcharts offer a visual representation of how ideas, people, inventions, or processes evolve. Readers can glance at your timeline while reading your story, whether it's about an inventor or the emergence of a new technology.

Written by Joe Moxley Parent Category: The Writing Process Category: Organizing Published: UNKNOWN Content available at https://writingcommons.org/timelines-flow-chart-maps This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial – No-Derivs 3.0 — Unported License

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Welcome to Writing Commons, the open-education home for writers. Writing Commons helps students improve their writing, critical thinking, and information literacy. Founded in 2008 by Joseph M. Moxley, Writing Commons is a viable alternative to expensive writing textbooks. Faculty may assign Writing Commons for their composition, business, STEM/Technical Writing, and creative writing courses.

Writing Commons houses eleven main sections: The Writing Process | Style | Academic Writing | Rhetoric | Information Literacy | Evidence and Documentation | Research Methods and Methodologies | New Media Communication | Professional and Technical Communication | Creative Writing | Reviews

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Rhetorical Appeals: An Overview

Published to This Website October 31, 2018

© 2018 Jeanette L. H. Dick

Content for Educational Purposes Only

Clustering, Spider Maps, & Webbing

Clustering: Spider Maps & Web Organization

Use visual brainstorming to develop and organize your ideas.

Cluster diagrams, spider maps, mind maps—these terms are used interchangeably to describe the practice of visually brainstorming about a topic.

Modern readers love cluster diagrams and spider maps because they enable readers to discern your purpose and organization in a moment.

When Is Clustering/Spider Mapping Useful?

As depicted below, writers use clustering to help sketch out ideas and suggest logical connections. In this way, writers use cluster diagrams and spider maps as an invention tool. When clustering, they do not impose an order on their thinking. Instead, after placing the idea in the center of the page, they then free-associate.

Remembering that the goal is to generate ideas, make the drawing visually attractive, perhaps using color or a variety of geometric shapes and layout formats. Typical cluster and spider maps resemble the following:

Branches: If ideas seem closely related to you, consider using small branches, like tree limbs, to represent their similarities.

Arrows: Use arrows to represent processes or cause and effect relationships.

Groupings: If a number of ideas are connected, go ahead and put a circle around them.

Bullets: List ideas that seem related.

In addition to being a powerful invention strategy, cluster maps and spider maps can also be used to represent complex relationships to readers.

Online Cluster/Spider Maps

Visual thesaurus: This online software application draws cluster diagrams around words. Plug in a word and watch similar terms spin around it. Give it time and you'll see many interesting associations.

Forest management: View an example of a hand-drawn cluster map.

Sociograms: Two well-functioning teams: Social network analysis encourages visual depictions of people's collaborative networks.

Social networks: Examples of how maps of social networks can be drawn. Evaluating the alcohol environment: Here cluster maps are drawn to show correlations between bars and violent crime.

Crime patterns made clear for Portland, Oregon, citizens via Internet mapping: This essay provides examples of how crime maps show patterns in criminal be

When Are Clustering/Spider Maps Useful?

Clustering is a particularly effective strategy during the early part of a writing project when you're working to define the scope and parameters of a project.

Congue Clustering can help you identify what you do know and what you need to research about a topic.

Written by Joe Moxley Parent Category: The Writing Process Category: Organizing Published: 31 October 2009 Content available at https://writingcommons.org/open-text/writing-processes/20-prewriting/74-clustering-spider-maps This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial – No-Derivs 3.0 — Unported License

How to Use Writing Commons

Welcome to Writing Commons, the open-education home for writers. Writing Commons helps students improve their writing, critical thinking, and information literacy. Founded in 2008 by Joseph M. Moxley, Writing Commons is a viable alternative to expensive writing textbooks. Faculty may assign Writing Commons for their composition, business, STEM/Technical Writing, and creative writing courses.

Writing Commons houses eleven main sections: The Writing Process | Style | Academic Writing | Rhetoric | Information Literacy | Evidence and Documentation | Research Methods and Methodologies | New Media Communication | Professional and Technical Communication | Creative Writing | Reviews

The two best ways to navigate through Writing Commons are using the top menu navigation, called Chapters, or the left-hand navigation menu system.

Read more ... Most Popular Webtexts Inserting or Altering Words in a Direct Quotation Formatting Headings and Subheadings (APA) Formatting the Abstract Page (APA) Using First Person in an Academic Essay: When is It Okay? Formatting the Works Cited Page (MLA) Abstract Template (APA) Using Footnotes (APA) Omitting Words from a Direct Quotation How to Write an Engaging Introduction Use Third-Person Point of View Literary Criticism Formatting the Title Page (APA) Pathos Welcome to Writing Commons Webtext Chapters The Writing Process Style Academic Writing Rhetoric Information Literacy Evidence and Documentation Research Methods and Methodology New Media Communication Professional and Technical Communication Creative Writing Reviews About Writing Commons About Writing Commons Staff Authors Advisory Board Review Editors Guide for Authors Guide for Instructors The Aaron Swartz Award Newsletter Archive Adoptions Most Popular Webtexts Inserting or Altering Words in a Direct Quotation Formatting Headings and Subheadings (APA) Formatting the Abstract Page (APA) Using First Person in an Academic Essay: When is It Okay? Formatting the Works Cited Page (MLA) Adoptions Duke University Georgia Tech Ohio State University of South Florida

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Rhetorical Appeals: An Overview

Published to This Website October 31, 2018

© 2018 Jeanette L. H. Dick

Content for Educational Purposes Only

Proposal Arguments--Overview

Basics Regarding Proposal Arguments

— Proposal arguments are the most common type of argument, particularly, in the real-world environment of jobs.

— There are two types of proposal:

                                                            i.      Practical Proposal

                                                         ii.      Policy Proposal

1.    Practical Proposal

a.    • Practical proposals call for action to solve some specific local or immediate problem.

b.   • They are usually narrow and concrete.

2.  Policy Proposal

a.    • Policy proposals, in contrast, put forth broad plans of action to solve major social, economic, or political problems of general concern.

— A proposal is, by definition, a persuasive message.

— General purpose is to convince the reader that what you propose is viable—therefore, you must argue your point of view

·         Carefully and clearly, with specific steps to the proposal for changing the social issue…

·         Identify important, controversial problems that need solving in the various communities to which you belong OR

·         Research and learn about the assigned controversial issue

·         Consider who has the power to act on your proposal and what are the constraints preventing action

·         Consider what has been done in the past—and worked or not

·         Consider what others are proposing and how your proposal will be new and innovative compared to the typical proposal on the issue.

·         Generate ideas for your proposal argument by thinking about the issue from a personal, local, and global viewpoint

·         Choose an effective way to organize your proposal argument that

§  CONVINCES your audience of the problem

§  PROPOSES your solution

§  JUSTIFIES your proposal

§  CONFRONTS opposing views

To convince someone of your point of view, you have to prove that your suggestion is appropriate and adoptable.

— Therefore, arguments are used in proposals

There are six main Strategies to strengthen proposal argument

a.    — Demonstrate your Knowledge

b.   — Provide Concrete Information

c.     — Research the Competition

d.   — Prove its Feasibility

e.    — Make it Plausible and Practical

Everything you write should show the reader that you have

1.    Knowledge

2.   Experience [relating re-world principles and biblical-worldviews]

3.   Ability to Solve the problem

— Proposal should be:

o Appropriate

o Feasible

o Workable

— …according to the audience capabilities and resources

— Follow the three-part proposal structure:

o DESCRIPTION of the problem,

o Proposed SOLUTION

o JUSTIFICATION for the proposed solution

— Give your argument immediacy through

o Details

o Scenes

o Examples

— Consider [public opposition] and use strategies to overcome it

— Predict consequences and evaluate consequences of certain courses of action [or in-action]

Revise your proposal argument by:

—        Answering objections that

a.     Deny the problem

b.    Protest the effectiveness or cost of your solution

                                                            i.      Anticipating counter-proposals

NOTE:

1.     — Avoid vague unsupported generalization.

2.   — Provide quantifiable details.

3.   — Describe the problem by answering What Why Where When & How.

4.   — Provide step-by-step solutions to the problem.

5.    — Tell how much money the proposed solution will cost and what it can save [if not in $$$, in lives, health, family unity, etc.].

6.   — Give details on [WHO will be in charge of getting the] job done.

1.     • Know Products, Services & Prices [when known/possible—through experts]

2.   • Use scholarly publications & credible Internet

3.   • Find Possible Alternatives

4.   • Manage to emphasize the feasibility of your proposal.

© 2018 Jeanette L. H. Dick

For Educational Purposes Only

Always seek Clarification from your Instructor

Proposal Arguments

Created by NaomanSaeed

Published on Mar 8, 2012

Published in: Education, Technology by Educational Services Online